Chaos–order transition in foraging behavior of ants Lixiang Lia,b , Haipeng Penga,1 , Jürgen Kurthsb,1 , Yixian Yanga,c , and Hans Joachim Schellnhuberb,d,1 a Information Security Center, State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, and c...
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Chaos–order transition in foraging behavior of ants Lixiang Lia,b , Haipeng Penga,1 , Jürgen Kurthsb,1 , Yixian Yanga,c , and Hans Joachim Schellnhuberb,d,1 a Information Security Center, State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, and c National Engineering Laboratory for Disaster Backup and Recovery, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China; b Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, D14473 Potsdam, Germany; and d Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501 Contributed by Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, April 24, 2014 (sent for review February 5, 2014) The study of the foraging behavior of group animals (especially ants) is of practical ecological importance, but it also contributes to the development of widely applicable optimization problem-solving techniques. Biologists have discovered that single ants exhibit lowdimensional deterministic-chaotic activities. However, the influences of the nest, ants’ physical abilities, and ants’ knowl
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