Ubuntu Reference
Privileges
sudo command – run command as root
sudo su – open a root shell
sudo su user – open a shell as user
sudo -k – forget sudo passwords
gksudo command – visual sudo dialog (GNOME)
kdesudo command – visual sudo dialog (KDE)
sudo visudo...
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Ubuntu Reference
Privileges
sudo command – run command as root
sudo su – open a root shell
sudo su user – open a shell as user
sudo -k – forget sudo passwords
gksudo command – visual sudo dialog (GNOME)
kdesudo command – visual sudo dialog (KDE)
sudo visudo – edit /etc/sudoers
gksudo nautilus – root file manager (GNOME)
kdesudo konqueror – root file manager (KDE)
passwd – change your password
Display
sudo /etc/init.
d/gdm restart – restart X
(GNOME)
sudo /etc/init.
d/kdm restart – restart X
(KDE)
(file) /etc/X11/xorg.
conf – display
configuration
sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg –
reset X configuration
Ctrl+Alt+Bksp – restart X display if frozen
Ctrl+Alt+FN – switch to tty N
Ctrl+Alt+F7 – switch back to X display
System Services¹
start service – start job service (Upstart)
stop service – stop job service (Upstart)
status service – check if service is running
(Upstart)
/etc/init.
d/service start – start service
(SysV)
/etc/init.
d/service stop – stop service (SysV)
/etc/init.
d
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